systemd-sysusers
(8)Allocate system users and groups
Options
11--rootrootTakes a directory path as an argument. All paths will be prefixed with the given alternate root path, including config search paths. Added in version 215.
--imageimageTakes a path to a disk image file or block device node. If specified all operations are applied to file system in the indicated disk image. This is similar to --root= but operates on file systems stored in disk images or block devices. The disk image should either contain just a file system or a set of file systems within a GPT partition table, following the Discoverable Partitions Specification[1]. For further information on supported disk images, see systemd-nspawn(1)'s switch of the same name. Added in version 247.
--image-policypolicyTakes an image policy string as argument, as per systemd.image-policy(7). The policy is enforced when operating on the disk image specified via --image=, see above. If not specified, defaults to the "*" policy, i.e. all recognized file systems in the image are used.
--replacePATHWhen this option is given, one or more positional arguments must be specified. All configuration files found in the directories listed in sysusers.d(5) will be read, and the configuration given on the command line will be handled instead of and with the same priority as the configuration file PATH. This option is intended to be used when package installation scripts are running and files belonging to that package are not yet available on disk, so their contents must be given on the command line, but the admin configuration might already exist and should be given higher priority. Example 1. RPM
--dry-runProcess the configuration and figure out what entries would be created, but do not actually write anything. Added in version 250.
--inlineTreat each positional argument as a separate configuration line instead of a file name. Added in version 238.
--cat-configCopy the contents of config files to standard output. Before each file, the filename is printed as a comment.
--tldrCopy the contents of config files to standard output. Only the "interesting" parts of the configuration files are printed, comments and empty lines are skipped. Before each file, the filename is printed as a comment.
--no-pagerDo not pipe output into a pager.
-h--helpPrint a short help text and exit.
--versionPrint a short version string and exit.
DESCRIPTION
systemd-sysusers creates system users and groups, based on files in the format described in sysusers.d(5).
If invoked with no arguments, directives from the configuration files found in the directories specified by sysusers.d(5) are executed. When invoked with positional arguments, if option --replace=PATH is specified, arguments specified on the command line are used instead of the configuration file PATH. Otherwise, just the configuration specified by the command line arguments is executed. If the string "-" is specified instead of a filename, the configuration is read from standard input. If the argument is a file name (without any slashes), all configuration directories are searched for a matching file and the file found that has the highest priority is executed. If the argument is a path, that file is used directly without searching the configuration directories for any other matching file.
CREDENTIALS
systemd-sysusers supports the service credentials logic as implemented by ImportCredential=/LoadCredential=/SetCredential= (see systemd.exec(5) for details). The following credentials are used when passed in:
passwd.hashed-password.user
Added in version 249.
passwd.plaintext-password.user
Added in version 249.
passwd.shell.user
Added in version 249.
sysusers.extra
Added in version 252.
Note that by default the systemd-sysusers.service unit file is set up to inherit the "passwd.hashed-password.root", "passwd.plaintext-password.root", "passwd.shell.root" and "sysusers.extra" credentials from the service manager. Thus, when invoking a container with an unpopulated /etc/ for the first time it is possible to configure the root user's password to be "systemd" like this:
# systemd-nspawn --image=... --set-credential=passwd.hashed-password.root:'$y$j9T$yAuRJu1o5HioZAGDYPU5d.$F64ni6J2y2nNQve90M/p0ZP0ECP/qqzipNyaY9fjGpC' ...
Note again that the data specified in this credential is consulted only when creating an account for the first time, it may not be used for changing the password or shell of an account that already exists.
Use mkpasswd(1) for generating UNIX password hashes from the command line.